Continuously monitoring climate data can provide an early heads-up as problems or changes arise. For example, tracking rainfall and temperature can provide continual updates for farmers and agricultural specialists throughout the growing season, helping them make decisions and reacting to changing conditions rapidly. It can also help give a sense of how the climate emergency is unfolding around the world, and predict shifts in climate like El Niño events.

But, climate data that sits on a computer is not helpful - we need to ensure that climate monitoring and information is communicated to the right people and gets used. Tailored decision-support tools can improve the use of climate monitoring data, like tailored agricultural apps for farmers. Early warning systems can also be linked to climate monitoring databases.

Sometimes, climate data is available at very large scales rather than at the scale of a single house or person, so it is not easy for small-scale decisions to use the large climate datasets. Climate data is also missing in much of the world that does not have good coverage by weather stations.

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• Climate Monitoring (US National Centers for Environmental Information, NCEI)

• Climate monitoring and attribution (UK Met Office)

• Using Earth observations to help address challenges in small island nations (GEO Blue Planet)

• Join citizen science projects to support monitoring efforts and help reconstruct past data too.

• Look into whether there are weather stations missing in your area, and ask your local government to set one up.

• If you are a farmer or use weather data in your work, see whether there are predictions for your area that might inform how you work.