Many clean energy technologies could be made cheaper, more efficient,  or easier to roll out at scale through research and development. There are a huge number of potential examples, including cheaper, more reliable floating offshore wind turbines, more efficient and less resource-intensive energy storage solutions, digital and machine-learning informed energy system modeling, and using membrane chemistry to boost the production of green hydrogen via electrolysis, to name just a few areas where work is ongoing.

A green energy transition is possible today, but cost matters and further innovation to make a clean energy transition easier and more affordable would clearly be welcome. However, from the perspective of governments and other investors, there is a trade-off between putting funding and time towards potentially unproven or lab-stage technologies (which might be transformational, but generally take a long time to have an impact) and putting efforts into streamlining tested or well-proven tech, which will likely bear fruit in the nearer term.

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• Global status of clean energy innovation in 2020 (International Energy Agency, IEA)

• Clean Hydrogen Research in the USA (US Department of Energy)

• The future of energy storage (MIT)

• You can write to your political representatives to encourage the support of various clean energy R + D efforts.

• Some community energy groups work to push the boundaries of clean energy, acting as a lab for new technologies. You could see if there are any such groups you might be able to join or support.